What is Impulse?
Impulse (I) is a force acting on an object over a specific time interval. Impulse also equals the change in momentum (I = Δp). This concept explains why airbags in cars or soft boxing gloves can reduce injury: they lengthen the contact time (Δt) so the force (F) felt becomes smaller.
Impulse & Its Relationship Formula
I = F × ΔtFormula: I = Δp = m(v_final - v_initial)Variables:
- IImpulse (N·s or kg·m/s)Impulse (N·s or kg·m/s)(e.g.: 50 N·s)
- FAverage force (Newtons)Average force (Newtons)(e.g.: 100 N)
- ΔtContact time interval (seconds)Contact time interval (seconds)(e.g.: 0.5 s)
- ΔpChange in momentumChange in momentum(e.g.: mv2 - mv1)
Categories:
Large ForceShort time (Punch)
Small ForceLong time (Braking)
CollisionPhysical contact
How to Calculate Impuls
- 1
Select Mode
Calculate from Gaya & Waktu (F, t) or from Perubahan Kecepatan (m, v1, v2).
- 2
Enter Data
Input nilai gaya and durasi, or massa and kecepatan.
- 3
Calculate
Dapatkan nilai Impuls yang dihasilkan.
- 4
Analyze
Pahami gaya dampak yang terjadi.
Examples
Tendangan Bola
Problem:
Gaya 50N selama 0.1 seconds
Solution:
- 1.I = F × Δt
- 2.I = 50 × 0.1
Result:5 N·s
Impuls yang diberikan ke bola is 5 N·s.
Menghentikan Bola
Problem:
Bola 0.5kg from 10m/s berhenti (0m/s)
Solution:
- 1.Δp = m(v2 - v1)
- 2.I = 0.5(0 - 10) = -5
Result:-5 N·s
Impuls sebesar 5 N·s diperlukan for menghentikan bola.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why mendarat with menekuk lutut lebih aman?
Menekuk lutut memperpanjang waktu kontak (Δt). Karena I = F×Δt tetap (for menghentikan momentum tubuh), maka F (gaya on kaki) menjadi lebih kecil.
Apa satuan impuls?
Newton sekon (N·s), yang setara with satuan momentum (kg·m/s).
Is impuls vektor?
Ya, arah impuls searah with gaya rata-rata or perubahan momentum.