Dilution Calculator
Calculate the volume or concentration needed for solution dilution easily using the M₁V₁ = M₂V₂ formula. This tool is very useful for chemistry lab work, laboratory preparations, and making standard solutions.
Dilution Formula
M₁ · V₁ = M₂ · V₂Variables:
- M₁Initial Solution Concentration (Molarity)Initial Solution Concentration (Molarity)
- V₁Volume of Stock Solution TakenVolume of Stock Solution Taken
- M₂Final Solution Concentration (Target)Final Solution Concentration (Target)
- V₂Final Solution Volume (Total)Final Solution Volume (Total)
How to Use the KalkuLab Dilution Calculator
- 1
Choose the Unknown Variable
Select the variable you want to find (e.g., V₁ — how much concentrated solution to take).
- 2
Enter Known Values
Enter values for the three known variables (M₁, M₂, V₂).
- 3
Calculate
The calculator computes the fourth variable automatically using M₁V₁ = M₂V₂.
Examples
Making 0.1 M NaCl from 1 M Stock
Problem:
How many mL of 1 M NaCl are needed to make 100 mL of 0.1 M NaCl?
Solution:
- 1.Known: M₁ = 1 M, M₂ = 0.1 M, V₂ = 100 mL
- 2.Formula: V₁ = (M₂ · V₂) / M₁
- 3.Calculate: V₁ = (0.1 · 100) / 1
- 4.Result: V₁ = 10 mL
Result:10 mL
Take 10 mL of 1 M NaCl, then add solvent until the total volume reaches 100 mL.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is dilution?
Dilution is the process of lowering the concentration of a solute in a solution, usually by adding more solvent (such as water).
Does M₁V₁ = M₂V₂ only work for molarity?
The formula generally works for any concentration units as long as units are consistent on both sides (e.g., N₁V₁ = N₂V₂ for normality, or mass percent).